BANK
In the rural economy of the OT, the lending of money was viewed unfavorably, and had to be carried out without interest (Ex. 22:25; Lev. 25:37).
That is why it is mentioned in Neh. 5:3-4 the secured or mortgage loan. In the NT we see that lending was not limited to friends, but had become a lucrative occupation.
The banker received money on deposit, and gave interest (Lk. 19:23; Mt. 25:27). Exchange constituted an important branch of the money trade.
For a small commission, the money changer exchanged the coins; p. e.g., contributions to the temple were to be made in temple currency, and not Gentile money. To do this, Roman denarii and Greek drachmas had to be exchanged for Jewish shekels (Mk. 11:15; Jn. 2:15).