Meaning of ELOHIM

"Elohim" is certainly one of the oldest designations for the God of Revelation. It is found in the biblical accounts of creation and the patriarchal era. Only the Bible knows this term. It is true that it had a Semitic origin: in the Canaanite and Chaldean languages God was called "El."

Undoubtedly, the ancient name of God given in the original revelation, known to Noah, had been preserved, but was subsequently surrounded by pagan concepts. Thus, Abraham and his descendants took up the name "El" in its original meaning, unrelated to pagan connotations, to designate God.

In Israel, this name takes on a more particular character, becoming the proper name of the unique and incomparable God. Thus it is always accompanied by an adjective that highlights an aspect, a virtue of God himself:

(A) “El-Shaddai” (Almighty God Gen. 17:1),

(B) “El-Elion” (God Most High Gen. 14:18),

(C) “El-Olam” (Eternal God Gen. 21:33),

(D) “El-Ganna” (Jealous God Ex. 20:5),

(E) “El-Hai” (Living God Josh. 3:10).

In any case, the plural form Elohim is preferably used. Certain critics have argued that since "Elohim" is plural, this constitutes proof of the polytheism of the ancient Hebrews. However, we have the proof that this is a false accusation in the adjectives that accompany the term "Elohim" in the Bible, and which are always found in singular form.

Thus, in Gen. 1:1 it is said, not that Elohim (the gods) created, but: Elohim created ("bãrã"). In fact, the plural form of God in the Bible evokes a feeling of reverence. It is a majestic plural, the name that synthesizes all divine perfections. At the same time, it hints at the presence of a plurality of people within the deity. Cp. likewise the counsels in the bosom of God: "Let us make man..." (Gen. 1:26) and "Behold, man is like one of us" (Gen. 3:22).

"Elohim" is derived from a root meaning "to be strong, powerful." This name of the powerful God is particularly appropriate for the Creator of Genesis 1, where it is constantly used. It appears 2,312 times in the OT.